Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)

What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease that makes breathing difficult due to airway inflammation, mucus buildup, and lung damage. It includes conditions like:
🔹 Chronic Bronchitis – Persistent cough with mucus.
🔹 Emphysema – Damage to air sacs in the lungs, reducing oxygen flow.

---

Causes & Risk Factors of COPD:

🚬 Smoking – The #1 cause of COPD (active & passive exposure).
🏭 Air Pollution & Chemical Fumes – Dust, fumes, and smoke irritate the lungs.
🦠 Frequent Respiratory Infections – Infections in childhood can increase risk.
🧬 Genetics (Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency) – Rare inherited disorder.
🌾 Long-Term Exposure to Biomass Fuels – Wood, coal, or crop-burning smoke.

---

Symptoms of COPD:

🌬 Shortness of Breath – Especially during physical activity.
😷 Chronic Cough – Often with thick mucus (especially in the morning).
💨 Wheezing – Whistling sound while breathing.
🔥 Chest Tightness or Discomfort – Feeling of pressure or heaviness.
😴 Fatigue & Weakness – Due to reduced oxygen supply.
🌡 Frequent Lung Infections – Pneumonia, bronchitis, etc.
🔵 Bluish Lips or Fingertips (Cyanosis) – Due to low oxygen levels.